Regulator for electric circuits



July 10, 1934. J. JACKSON 1,966,297

REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC CIRCUITS Original Filed March 29., 1926 ilmlmlmllulmmlmllimh Jul] ipbbbbqg INVENTUFh T. E. Jackson ATTORNEYS 45 ing electrolyte.

Patented July 10, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Original application March 29, 1926, Serial No. 98,840. Divided and this application December 18, 1931, Serial No. 581,966

5 Claims.

This application is a division of application Ser. No. 98,340 filed March 29, 1926.

My invention relates to improvements in regulators for electric circuits and the object of the 5 invention is to devise means for regulating an electric circuit through the medium of a polarization element which is introduced into the circuit either in shunt or in series relation, depending upon whether it is desired to diminish 10 the amplitude of the current or voltage variations or to increase the voltage variation and also to localize such variations.

A further object is to devise means by which the polarization element can be so introduced 5 into the circuit as to cause the limitation of current or potential variations to any predetermined portion of the circuit.

A still further object is to provide a device which when employed within an alternating cur- 29 rent circuit will be capable of developing a leading component of the current flowing therein in order that the power factor of such circuit may be beneficially influenced or that the voltage thereof shall be increased with the increase of a 2, alternating current flow therethrough when the regulator is connected in series relation with portions of such circuit containing an inductive reactance.

Another object is to provide means for pro- 9 ducing the polarization effect for the above purposes, within the circuit by a simple, economical and durable means that will not require replacement.

My invention consists of a regulating device for ,5 electric circuits constructed and arranged all my regulating device connected to the plate and grid circuits of a radio valve 1 is the polarization element preferably composed of a plurality of spaced apart substantially inert conducting plates 2 in their correspond- 3 are terminals on respective plates. 4 is an inductive reactance containing resistance and in series with the entire polarization element, and 5 is a lead from one terminal of the source of current supply connected at its a other end to one end of the reactance 4, the

other end of the reactance 4 being connected by the lead 6 with a terminal 3 of the polarization element and '7 is a lead from a terminal 3 of the polarization element to the plate 8 of the valve 9. 10 is the grid of the valve 9 connected by the lead 11 with a terminal 3 at the opposite end of the polarization element 1 and such terminal 3 is connected by the lead 12 with the other terminal of the source of current supply.

In forming the polarization reactor hereindescribed by assembling in series relation 2. plurality of inert conducting plates forming the substantially non-porous dividing walls with electrolyte therebetween I do so in order that upon the passage of an electric current therethrough, whether alternating or direct, reactive films caused by polarization and alternatively positive and negative polarity will be formed upon the opposed faces of each of such plates and absorb energy from the impressed current waves and tend to discharge such energy into the circuit in opposed relation to the impressed electromotive force from which such current was derived. The discharge of such energy back into the circuit will occur during the period of diminished amplitude of current waves or negative current fluctuations and the reversal thereof and to similarly develop an electrically reactive effect in opposed relation to each succeeding electric current wave when the device is employed in an alternating current circuit and to similarly develop such reactive efiect in opposed relation to impressed current waves from an unidirectional source in so far as the limited reactive electromotive force characteristics of this device will permit it to do so and to permit excess impressed potentials to be discharged through the reactive device without increased electromotive force being generated thereby except such as may result from the ohmic drop, which effect is made as low as possible by so constructing this device as to have a suitably low internal resistance.

For the purposes described I preferably employ in my polarization element inert conducting electrodes and in the particular case where a large energy retaining capacity is desired I further make these electrodes of such material as to present a porous face to the action of the electrolyte. I may employ for these purposesiron, nickel, steel or carbon electrodes or electrodes of other materials or combinations of materials which are suitable for such use. I do not limit myself to the use of this device with an inductive or resistance impedance device but when so used any ordinary form of impedance with suitable characteristics is introduced in the circuit with the polarization element and suitably connected thereto, or in the case of an alternating current circuit may be provided by the inductive reactance of the external circuit or parts no thereof, the voltage characteristics of which it is desired to control by the interposition of a polarization reactor having the characteristics described.

The invention is not necessarily limited to the specific application illustrated in the drawing, as this only shows one method of connecting my polarization element in a radio circuit. Other methods of connection can be employed in introducing the device into radio circuits, as Well as into other electric circuits where the device can be usefully employed.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a condensive cell, the combination with a container containing an electrolyte, of an inert composite plate electrode disposed therein and comprising a non-porous conducting body portion imbedded as to its bottom and side edges in the material of the container, and a porous conducting surface on that portion of the body portion exposed to the electrolyte.

2. In a condensive cell, the combination with a container containing an electrolyte, of an inert composite plate electrode disposed therein and comprising a body portion of iron group material imbedded as to its bottom and side edges in the material of the container, and a porous conducting surface on that portion of the body portion exposed to the electrolyte.

3. In a condensive cell, the combination with a container containing an electrolyte, of an inert composite plate electrode disposed therein and comprising a body portion of iron group material imbedded as to its bottom and side edges in the material of the container, and a porous carbon surface on that portion of the body portion exposed to the electrolyte.

4. In a multi-cell electrolytic condensive device, the combination with a container containing electrolyte, of inert composite bipolar plate electrodes disposed across the container constituting cell division walls dividing the container into a plurality of cells and each comprising a non-porous conducting body portion imbedded as to its bottom and side edges in the material of the container, and porous conducting surfaces on those portions of the body portion exposed to the electrolyte, the porous conducting surfaces on each body portion being of opposite polarity and their interposed body portion merely acting as an electrical connection whereby the cells of the device are disposed in series arrangement.

5. In a multi-cell electrolytic condensive deits 

